Which medical condition requires the commencement of IV therapy as a priority for treatment?

Ketoacidosis, particularly diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), necessitates the initiation of intravenous (IV) therapy as a top priority due to the critical nature of the condition. In DKA, the body has insufficient insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels and the production of ketones, which cause metabolic acidosis.

The management of DKA typically involves fluid resuscitation to restore hydration, correct electrolyte imbalances, and dilute the high blood glucose levels. IV therapy allows for rapid intervention, providing fluids, electrolytes (like potassium), and insulin directly into the bloodstream for immediate effect. This is crucial because patients with ketoacidosis often present with dehydration and electrolyte disturbances, making oral intake inadequate and potentially dangerous.

In contrast, while other conditions such as congestive heart failure, chronic renal failure, and hypertension may also require fluid management or medication adjustments, they do not usually demand urgent IV therapy as the first line of treatment in the same way ketoacidosis does.